Website Search: Adding Effective Search Functionality

When a website grows beyond a handful of pages, visitors need help finding content. Navigation works for browsing, but search serves users who know what they want. Implementing search well requires understanding your options and what makes search actually useful.

When You Need Search

Not every site needs search functionality. Consider adding search when you have:

• Many products (more than visitors can reasonably browse)
• Extensive content (blog archives, documentation, resources)
• Diverse offerings where users know what they want
• User research showing visitors expect or request search

Smaller sites with clear navigation often don't need search. Adding it when unnecessary clutters the interface without adding value.

What Makes Search Good

Bad search is worse than no search. Users who search and find nothing assume the content doesn't exist, even when it does. Good search requires:

Relevance

Results must match what users actually want. "Running shoes" should return running shoes, not every product mentioning running or shoes. Relevance requires:

• Understanding what content matters most
• Weighting title matches higher than body content
• Considering popularity or importance
• Handling synonyms and variations

Speed

Search results should appear in milliseconds. Slow search frustrates users. Modern search solutions are typically fast, but implementation matters—loading results via page refresh is slower than inline updates.

Clarity

Results should clearly show why they matched and what they contain. Title, excerpt, category, and metadata help users evaluate results quickly.

Handling No Results

When search finds nothing, don't just display "No results." Offer alternatives:

• Suggestions for similar terms
• Popular searches or categories
• Links to browse instead
• Contact option if they can't find what they need

Search Implementation Options

CMS Built-In Search

WordPress and other CMS platforms include basic search. For small sites, this might suffice. Limitations include:

• Often searches only post content, not custom fields
• Basic relevance ranking
• Limited filtering options
• No autocomplete or suggestions

For blogs or simple content sites, CMS search can be adequate.

Enhanced CMS Search

Plugins can improve built-in search. For WordPress, options like SearchWP or Relevanssi add:

• Custom field searching
• Better relevance algorithms
• Synonym handling
• Search analytics

This keeps search within your CMS while improving functionality.

Algolia

Algolia is a dedicated search-as-a-service platform offering:

• Extremely fast search (milliseconds)
• Typo tolerance and autocomplete
• Faceted filtering
• Sophisticated relevance tuning
• Analytics on search behaviour

Content is synced to Algolia's servers; search happens there. This provides excellent performance and features but adds external dependency and cost.

Algolia offers a generous free tier for small sites. Pricing scales with search operations—high-traffic sites pay more.

Elasticsearch / OpenSearch

Elasticsearch is powerful open-source search technology. It offers:

• Full-text search with sophisticated analysis
• Faceted navigation
• Highly configurable relevance
• Autocomplete and suggestions
• Scalability for large datasets

Elasticsearch requires more setup and hosting than SaaS options. It's appropriate for large sites or when you need complete control. OpenSearch is a community fork with similar capabilities.

Meilisearch

A newer, developer-friendly search engine that balances simplicity with capability:

• Easy setup compared to Elasticsearch
• Fast out of the box
• Typo tolerance built in
• Can be self-hosted

Good middle ground between basic CMS search and enterprise solutions.

Client-Side Search

For static sites, tools like Lunr.js or Pagefind enable search without servers. The search index is generated at build time and runs in the browser.

This works well for documentation sites and blogs but becomes impractical for large product catalogues—the index becomes too large to download.

eCommerce Search Considerations

Product search has specific requirements:

Faceted Filtering

Users need to narrow results by attributes: size, colour, price range, brand, category. The filter interface should update available options based on current results—no dead-end combinations.

Autocomplete and Suggestions

As users type, suggest products, categories, and search terms. This helps users find items faster and exposes products they might not have searched for directly.

Visual Results

Product search results should show images. Shoppers make quick visual judgments—thumbnails are essential.

Merchandising Control

You may want to boost certain products in search results—new arrivals, high-margin items, sale products. Advanced search platforms allow merchandising rules.

Search Analytics

Understanding what users search for reveals demand. Searches with no results indicate missing products or content gaps. Popular searches should inform navigation and merchandising.

Implementation Considerations

What Gets Indexed

Define what content is searchable:

• Product titles, descriptions, SKUs
• Page content
• Blog posts
• Categories and tags
• Metadata and custom fields

More isn't always better—irrelevant content in the index dilutes results.

Keeping Index Updated

When content changes, the search index must update. This might happen:

• In real-time via webhooks or API calls
• Periodically via scheduled sync
• At deploy time for static sites

Stale search results frustrate users. Ensure your update mechanism is reliable.

Interface Design

Search UI matters as much as the search engine:

• Where does the search box appear?
• How are results displayed?
• How do filters work on mobile?
• What happens while results load?

Good search implementation includes thoughtful UX design.

Cost Considerations

Search solutions range from free to substantial ongoing costs:

• CMS built-in: Free but limited
• CMS plugins: One-time or subscription fees
• Algolia: Free tier, then usage-based pricing
• Self-hosted solutions: Server costs plus development time

Consider total cost including implementation, hosting, and maintenance—not just licensing.

Our Approach

We implement search appropriate to each project's scale and requirements. For smaller sites, enhanced CMS search often suffices. For eCommerce and content-heavy sites, we integrate Algolia or similar solutions that provide the speed and features users expect.

If your site needs search functionality or your existing search underperforms, contact us to discuss options suited to your content and budget.